[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/nejvyznamnejsi-ekonomicke-teorie\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/nejvyznamnejsi-ekonomicke-teorie\/","headline":"Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 teorie","name":"Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 teorie","description":"1.       Merkantilismus: Zdrojem bohatstv\u00ed je sm\u011bna a jeho r\u016fst mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zalo\u017een na p\u0159\u00edlivu zlata do zem\u011b – vl\u00e1da proto mus\u00ed regulovat dovoz Gerard Malines (1586-1641), anglick\u00fd obchodn\u00edk a vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk tvrdil, \u017ee ·         m\u011blo by se zv\u00fd\u0161it dovozn\u00ed clo a zak\u00e1zat v\u00fdvoz zlat\u00fdch prut\u016f, aby rostla z\u00e1soba zlata v zemi","datePublished":"2020-09-17","dateModified":"2023-05-11","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4860d213c5bedfa07ff2b166ff7b069759f9dbf79eae813578c75f9f8cb939b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4860d213c5bedfa07ff2b166ff7b069759f9dbf79eae813578c75f9f8cb939b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"virgo-plus.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a298591_w2171_t1508914795.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a298591_w2171_t1508914795.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/nejvyznamnejsi-ekonomicke-teorie\/","about":["Pen\u00edze"],"wordCount":521,"articleBody":"1.       Merkantilismus: Zdrojem bohatstv\u00ed je sm\u011bna a jeho r\u016fst mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zalo\u017een na p\u0159\u00edlivu zlata do zem\u011b – vl\u00e1da proto mus\u00ed regulovat dovozGerard Malines (1586-1641), anglick\u00fd obchodn\u00edk a vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk tvrdil, \u017ee·         m\u011blo by se zv\u00fd\u0161it dovozn\u00ed clo a zak\u00e1zat v\u00fdvoz zlat\u00fdch prut\u016f, aby rostla z\u00e1soba zlata v zemi·         vl\u00e1da by m\u011bla usm\u011br\u0148ovat obchod se zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi m\u011bnami2.       Laissez – faire: Ekonomika je schopna samoregulace a vl\u00e1da by se do n\u00ed nem\u011bla vm\u011b\u0161ovatAdam Smith (1723-1790), skotsk\u00fd profesor filozofie, tvrdil, \u017ee·         z\u00e1jem b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm lid\u00ed o vlastn\u00ed prosp\u011bch m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159isp\u00edvat k bohatstv\u00ed cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti·         d\u011blba pr\u00e1ce na z\u00e1klad\u011b specializace vede ke zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed produktivity3.       Malthusi\u00e1nsk\u00e1 ekonomie: Populace roste p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychle a naraz\u00ed na bari\u00e9ru omezen\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed potravinThomas Malthus (1766-1834), anglick\u00fd duchovn\u00ed a matematik tvrdil, \u017ee·         prudce rostouc\u00ed po\u010det obyvatel povede k masov\u00e9mu hladov\u011bn\u00ed·         jedin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak p\u0159edej\u00edt katastrof\u011b, je omezen\u00ed velikosti rodin4.       Klasick\u00e1 ekonomie: Rozvoj ur\u010duj\u00ed schopnosti p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b a pochopen\u00ed role pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlyDavid Ricardo (1772-1823), anglick\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed podnikatel a ekonom tvrdil, \u017ee·         z\u00e1kladem hodnoty zbo\u017e\u00ed je mno\u017estv\u00ed pr\u00e1ce vynalo\u017een\u00e9 na jeho v\u00fdrobu·         pro anal\u00fdzu fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomiky je nezbytn\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it jej\u00ed teoretick\u00fd model5.       Marxistick\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd determinismus: V\u0161echny str\u00e1nky \u017eivota spole\u010dnosti jsou ur\u010dov\u00e1ny v\u00fdrobn\u00edmi vztahyKarel Marx (1818-1883), n\u011bmeck\u00fd filozof a ekonom tvrdil, \u017ee·         industrializace soust\u0159e\u010fuje kapit\u00e1l v rukou vlastn\u00edk\u016f st\u00e1le men\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed podnik\u016f·         n\u00e1mezdn\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edci (proletari\u00e1t) jsou nuceni nab\u00edzet svou pr\u00e1ci majitel\u016fm v\u00fdrobn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f (bur\u017eoazii) a nedost\u00e1vaj\u00ed za ni \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b zaplaceno6.       Monetarismus: Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou nestability jsou poruchy v m\u011bnov\u00e9 (monet\u00e1rn\u00ed) oblasti, zejm\u00e9na ve v\u00fdvoji pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed z\u00e1sobyMilton Friedman (1912), americk\u00fd ekonom tvrdil, \u017ee·         pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed inflace je nezbytn\u00e1 kontrola nad pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed z\u00e1sobou·         monet\u00e1rn\u00ed politika m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv na celkovou popt\u00e1vku "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 teorie","item":"https:\/\/www.virgo-plus.cz\/nejvyznamnejsi-ekonomicke-teorie\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]